Holopainen, J. P., Sun, X., & Hattler, M. (2024). A semiotic framework for understanding abstract animations. Punctum. International Journal of Semiotics, 10(1), 69-92. Jussi Holopainen, Xuqin Sun, and Max Hattler This paper presents a novel framework for understanding and analyzing semiotic processes in abstract animations. The framework builds on predictive processing, a paradigm in cognitive neuroscience proposing that perception, and consequently action and interaction, i